All Issue

2018 Vol.5, Issue 4 Preview Page

Original Article

Analysis of the Changes of the Vegetated Area in an Unregulated River and Their Underlying Causes: A Case Study on the Naeseong Stream
Chanjoo Lee1*
,
Donggu Kim2
,
1Senior Researcher, Department of Land, Water and Environment Research, Korea Institute of Civil Engineering and Building Technology, Goyang 10223, Korea
2Research Specialist, Department of Land, Water and Environment Research, Korea Institute of Civil Engineering and Building Technology, Goyang 10223, Korea
* Corresponding Author
31 December 2018. pp. 229-245
PDF XML Citation
Abstract

This study aims to investigate the changes in the riparian vegetated area in the Naeseong stream, an unregulated river, in order to analyze the main factors leading to these changes. For this purpose, the land surface cover in the channel area of the Naeseong stream was classified into 9 categories using past aerial photographs collected between 1970 and 2016, which recorded the long-term changes of the Naeseong stream. The increase or decrease in the vegetated area was calculated for each category using a pair of before and after images. The changes in the vegetated area were divided into 6 periods: the unvegetated channel period (1970 - 1980), the first rapid increase (1980 - 1986), the period of decrease due to flood (1986 - 1988), the period of repetitive man-induced disturbance and vegetation increase (1988 - 2008), the period of gradual vegetation increase (2008 - 2013), and the period of second rapid increase (2013 - 2016). Multiple regression analysis was performed using independent variables representing hydrology, climate, and geomorphology. The major variables found to be involved in the changes in the vegetated area of the Naeseong stream were the discharge during June - July, channel width, and temperature during April - June. mong the three variables, discharge and temperature were respectively the main independent variables in the downstream and the upstream reaches as per a single variable model. Channel width was the variable that distinguished the upstream and downstream reaches of the stream. The implication of the long-term increase in the vegetated area in the Naeseong stream was discussed based on the result of this study.

Keywords
land surface cover
multiple regression analysis
Naeseong stream
vegetated area

References
1
Alabyan, A.M. and Chalov, R.S. 1998. Types of river channel patterns and their natural controls, Earth Surface Processes and Landforms, 23: 467-474.
10.1002/(SICI)1096-9837(199805)23:5<467::AID-ESP861>3.0.CO;2-T
2
Azami, K., Suzuki, H. and Toki, S. 2004. Changes in riparian vegetation communities below a large dam in a monsoonal region: Futase dam, Japan, River Research and Applications, 20(5): 549-563.
10.1002/rra.763
3
Choi, G., Kwon, W.T. and Robinson, D.A. 2006. Seasonal onset and duration in South Korea, Journal of Korean Geographers, 41: 435-456 (in Korean).
4
Choi, S.U., Yoon, B.M. and Woo, H.S. 2005. Effects of dam-induced flow regime change on downstream river morphology and vegetation cover in the Hwang River, Korea, River Research and Applications, 21: 313-325.
10.1002/rra.849
5
Clery, I., Pierrot-Deseilligny, M. and Vallet, B. 2014. Automatic georeferencing of a heritage of old analog aerial photographs, ISPRS Annals of Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences, II-3: 33-40.
6
Grömping, U. 2006. Relative importance for linear regressors in R: The Package relaimpo, Journal of Statistical Software, 17(1): 1-27.
10.18637/jss.v017.i01
7
Gu, Y.B., Yeo, J.K., Shin, H.N. and Jung, S.H. 2010. Poplar in South Korea, Korea Forest Research Institute, Seoul, Korea (in Korean).
8
Gurnell, A.M. and Petts, G.E. 2002. Island-dominated landscapes of large floodplain rivers, a European perspective, Freshwater Biology, 47: 581-600.
10.1046/j.1365-2427.2002.00923.x
9
Hughes, M.L., McDowell, P.F. and Marcus, W.A. 2006. Accuracy assessment of georectified aerial photographs: Implications for measuring lateral channel movement in a GIS, Geomorphology, 74: 1-16.
10.1016/j.geomorph.2005.07.001
10
Johnson, W.C. 1994. Woodland expansion in the Platte River, Nebraska: Patterns and causes, Ecological Monographs, 64(1): 45-84.
10.2307/2937055
11
Kim, Y.J., Lee, C. 2014. Analysis on channel change of the Naeseong River - before the Youngju dam impoundment (1970-2011), Journal of the Geomorphological Association of Korea 21(1): 17-31 (in Korean).
10.16968/JKGA.23.1.2
12
Lee, C. 2018. Analysis on long-term channel change of the Naeseong Stream - in terms of geomorphology and land surface cover, unpublished Ph.D. thesis, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea (in Korean).
13
MLTM. 2013. Basic plan for the downstream of the Naesung River. Ministry of Land, Maritime and Transportation, Sejong, Korea (in Korean).
14
Park, B.J., Jang, C.L., Lee, S.H. and Jung, K.S. 2008. A study on the sandbar and vegetated area alteration at the downstream of dam, Journal of Korea Water Resources Association, 41: 1163-1172 (in Korean).
10.3741/JKWRA.2008.41.12.1163
15
Park, G.A., Lee, M.S., Kim, H.J. and Kim, S.J. 2005. Analysis of river channel morphology and riparian land use changes using multi-temporal aerial photographs and topographic maps of the early 20th century in Gyeongan-cheon watershed, Journal of Korea Water Resources Association, 38: 379-390 (in Korean).
10.3741/JKWRA.2005.38.5.379
16
R Development Core Team. 2017. R: A language and environment for statistical computing, Vienna, Austria: R Foundation for Statistical Computing, http://www. R-project.org/. Accessed 20 November 2018.
17
Räpple, B., Piégay, H., Stella, J.C. and Mercier, D. 2017. What drives riparian vegetation encroachment in braided river channels at patch to reach scales? Insight from annual airborne surveys (Drôme River, SE France, 2002011), Ecohydrology, 10(8): 1-16.
10.1002/eco.1886
18
Wang, H. and Ellis, E.C. 2005. Spatial accuracy of orthorectified IKONOS imagery and historical aerial photographs across five sites in China, International Journal of Remote Sensing, 26(9): 1893-1911.
10.1080/01431160512331326684
19
Williams, G.P. 1978. The case of the shrinking channels-the North Platte and Platte Rivers in Nebraska, Geological Survey Circular, 781.
10.3133/cir781
20
Williams, G.P. and Wolman, M.G. 1984. Downstream effects of dams on alluvial channels, USGS Professional Paper, 1286.
21
Woo, H., Park, M., Cho, K-H., Cho, H. and Chung, S. 2010. Recruitment and succession of riparian vegetation in alluvial river regulated by upstream dams - focused on the Nakdong River downstream Andong and Imha Dams, Journal of Korea Water Resources Association, 43: 455-469 (in Korean).
10.3741/JKWRA.2010.43.5.455
Information
  • Publisher :Korean Society of Ecology and Infrastructure Engineering
  • Publisher(Ko) :응용생태공학회
  • Journal Title :Ecology and Resilient Infrastructure
  • Journal Title(Ko) :응용생태공학회 논문집
  • Volume : 5
  • No :4
  • Pages :229-245
  • Received Date : 2018-11-28
  • Revised Date : 2018-12-22
  • Accepted Date : 2018-12-31
  • DOI :https://doi.org/10.17820/eri.2018.5.4.229
Journal Informaiton Ecology and Resilient Infrastructure Ecology and Resilient Infrastructure
  • NRF
  • KISTI Current Status
  • KISTI Cited-by
  • crosscheck
  • orcid
  • open access
  • ccl
Journal Informaiton Journal Informaiton - close